Pediatric neurology focuses on diagnosing and treating conditions of the nervous system in infants, children, and adolescents. This field addresses neurological disorders, ranging from headaches and seizures to developmental delays. Neurologists play a key role in identifying these conditions, and they use specific evaluations to assess a child’s neurological health. One common area of focus involves diagnosing neurodevelopmental conditions like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here’s information on how these specialists assess behavioral patterns and cognitive function to diagnose conditions in children:
ADHD Screenings
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, usually diagnosed in childhood. Pediatric neurologists use screenings to differentiate typical childhood behavior from neurological symptoms that may require intervention. It is normal for children to have trouble focusing and behaving from time to time, but children with ADHD do not grow out of these behaviors.
How ADHD Affects Kids
ADHD can impact various aspects of daily life, often making routine tasks more challenging. It is a chronic condition that includes a combination of persistent problems, including difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior. For children, ADHD can lead to difficulties in maintaining focus in the classroom, resulting in missed lessons or incomplete assignments. The persistent nature of ADHD symptoms may also contribute to feelings of frustration and stress.
Children with ADHD may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships, and poor performance in school. Socially, impulsive behavior and trouble with emotional regulation can make forming and maintaining friendships challenging. At home, tasks like following instructions, completing chores, or adhering to a schedule may become overwhelming. With appropriate interventions and support, individuals with ADHD can learn to manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.
What To Expect From ADHD Screenings
There is no single test to diagnose ADHD, so the diagnostic process begins with a comprehensive evaluation. A pediatric neurologist gathers information from multiple sources, including the parents, the child, and the child’s school. The screening often utilizes standardized rating scales and checklists to assess symptoms in different environments. The doctor will also perform a physical exam to rule out other causes for symptoms, such as vision or hearing problems. This thorough approach enables an accurate diagnosis for personalized treatment plans.
Autism Screenings
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech, and nonverbal communication. Screenings for autism observe a child’s behavior and development. During these physical and developmental assessments, a specialist looks for learning, speaking, or behavioral factors. The doctor may ask parents detailed questions about the child’s behavior and observe how the child interacts with others. A screening does not provide a formal diagnosis; it indicates whether a more in-depth evaluation is necessary.
Other Neurological Diagnostics for Children
Concussions are mild traumatic brain injuries that require careful management for recovery, so providers use specialized tools for diagnosis. Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a computerized neurocognitive test used to assess and manage concussions. It measures verbal and visual memory, processing speed, and reaction time. Healthcare providers use this tool to determine the severity of a head injury and to track recovery over time. ImPACT data helps neurologists make informed decisions about when a young person can safely return to school and sports activities, minimizing the risk of further injury.
When a physical exam and history do not provide enough information, pediatric neurologists rely on advanced imaging and diagnostic tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans allow doctors to visualize a child’s brain and spinal cord in detail. These tools are fundamental for detecting structural abnormalities, tumors, or evidence of strokes. Electroencephalograms (EEG) are another common procedure used to record electrical activity in the brain, primarily for diagnosing seizure disorders. These tests are non-invasive and provide key data that guides the treatment plan.
Learn More Pediatric Neurology Services
Navigating neurological concerns can be challenging, but specialized care is available to support your child’s health. Pediatric neurologists can diagnose and manage complex conditions with expertise. If you have concerns about your child’s development or neurological health, schedule a consultation today.
