Gum disease is a progressive condition that affects the soft tissue, and it can eventually damage the bone supporting the teeth. Unmanaged symptoms often escalate over time, so early detection is integral for maintaining oral hygiene. The impact extends beyond the mouth to include overall quality of life. Here is more information on this disease and the available treatment options:
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold teeth in place. It typically begins with bacterial growth in the mouth and may end in tooth loss if left untreated. The condition ranges from mild gum inflammation to a serious disease that causes major damage to soft tissue and bone. Understanding the progression helps patients seek care, so recognizing the early stages is beneficial for long-term prognosis.
What Causes It?
Plaque is the primary cause of gum disease, for it forms a sticky film of bacteria on the teeth constantly. If brushing and flossing do not remove plaque, it hardens into tartar that simple brushing cannot clean. This buildup harbors bacteria that attack the gums. It also creates pockets between the teeth and gums that become infected.
Several other factors increase the risk of developing periodontal disease beyond poor oral hygiene habits. Smoking interferes with the normal function of gum tissue cells, impairing the healing process following treatment. Hormonal changes in women can make gums more sensitive, and genetic susceptibility makes certain individuals more prone to severe cases.
What Are the Symptoms?
Healthy gums are firm and pale pink, but diseased gums often appear swollen, dark red, or prone to bleeding. Patients may notice persistent bad breath or experience painful chewing and loose teeth. Receding gums can make teeth look longer than normal, indicating advancing periodontitis.
The symptoms may progress painlessly in the early stages. Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease, and it causes red or swollen gums that bleed easily. Periodontitis develops when the plaque spreads below the gum line, stimulating a chronic inflammatory response that breaks down bone and tissue.
How Is Daily Life Impacted?
The physical discomfort associated with gum disease may limit the types of food a person can consume comfortably. Chewing becomes difficult or painful, so patients may restrict their diets to softer foods that lack necessary nutrition. This dietary limitation affects overall health, requiring adjustment to meal planning and preparation.Ā Oral health issues may also influence social interactions and appearance.
What Are the Treatment Options?
The goal of treatment is to control the infection, and the specific method depends on the extent of the gum disease. Professional cleaning removes tartar above and below the gum line for early-stage gingivitis cases. Scaling and root planing is a deep-cleaning, non-surgical procedure that involves scraping away plaque and tartar while smoothing rough spots on the tooth root.
Advanced cases may require surgical intervention or laser therapy to restore oral health effectively. LANAPĀ® (Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure) is a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery, for it uses a laser to regenerate bone and tissue. This method targets the source of the inflammation without cutting or suturing, potentially shortening recovery times.
Consult a Periodontist Today
Treating gum disease halts symptom progression, and it helps restore function to the mouth and teeth. A periodontist specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal disease stages. Schedule an appointment for a comprehensive evaluation to help you improve your oral health and overall quality of life.
